Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Comparative Analysis of Cisplatin Resistance in T24 and UMUC3 BLCA Cells. (A&B) Cell viability of T24 and UMUC3 cells treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0 to 200 µM). (C&D) Colony formation assay for T24 and UMUC3 cells showing cisplatin resistance. T24R: T24 cell with cisplatin resistance; UMUC3R: UMUC3 cell with cisplatin resistance. *p> 0.05 vs. WT group.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Colony Assay

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. The Role of ABC Transporters in Cisplatin Resistance of T24 and UMUC3 BLCA Cells. (A) mRNA expression levels of ABC transporters in T24 cells. (B) mRNA expression levels of ABC transporters in UMUC3 cells, (C) Protein levels of ABCC6 in T24 cells. (D) Protein levels of ABCC6 in UMUC3 cells. (E) Calcein AM efflux in T24 cells: (F) Calcein AM efflux in UMUC3 cells. * p <0.05, **p <0.01, *** p <0.001 and **** p <0.0001, vs. WT group.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. The Role of ABCC6 in Cisplatin Resistance of T24 and UMUC3 BLCA Cells. (A) Western blot analysis showing ABCC6 protein levels in T24 cells under wild-type and cisplatin-resistant conditions. (B) Western blot analysis illustrating ABCC6 protein levels in UMUC3 cells under WT and cisplatin-resistant conditions. (C) Bar graph representing the fold changes in calcein AM efflux in T24 cells, comparing control and shABCC6-treated. (D) Bar graph illustrating the fold change in calcein AM efflux in UMUC3 cells, comparing control and shABCC6-treated conditions. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, ***p<0.001 and **** p <0.0001, vs. control group.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Western Blot, Control

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Comparative Analysis of Autophagy and Protein Expression in Cisplatin-Resistant T24 and UMUC3 BLCA Cells. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of LC3-II and p62 in T24 cells (B) Western blot analysis of LC3 and p62 in T24 cells. (C) Western blot analysis of ATG5 and ATG12 in UMUC3 cells. (D) Western blot analysis of ATG5 and ATG12 in T24 cells. (E) AO staining in T24 cells. (F) AO staining in UMUC3 cells. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 and ****p<0.0001, vs. WT group.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. The Role of ABCC6 in Drug Resistance of BLCA Cells. (A) ABCC6 mRNA expression in T24 cells treated with BafA1 (bafilomycin A1) or CQ (chloroquine). (B) ABCC6 mRNA expression in UMUC3 cells treated with BafA1 or CQ. (C) ABCC6 protein levels in T24 cells are treated with BafA1 or CQ. (D) ABCC6 protein levels in UMUC3 cells treated with BafA1 or CQ. (E) Calcein AM accumulation in T24 cells with cisplatin resistance treated with BafA1 or CQ. (F) Calcein AM accumulation in UMUC3 cells with cisplatin resistance treated with BafA1 or CQ. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 and ****p<0.0001, vs. WT group.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Medical Sciences

Article Title: ABCC6 Transporter Contributed to Cisplatin Resistance on Bladder Cancer

doi: 10.7150/ijms.115487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Mechanism of Cisplatin Resistance Mediated by ABCC6 Transporters. This illustration highlights a crucial mechanism in chemotherapy resistance, emphasizing the role of ABCC6 transporters in reducing the intracellular concentration of cisplatin, thereby enhancing cell survival and resistance.

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with varying concentrations of cisplatin (0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using a resazurin reagent (Biotium, Inc.).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Bioengineering & Translational Medicine

Article Title: Micrometer‐scale tPA beads amplify plasmin generation for enhanced thrombolytic therapy

doi: 10.1002/btm2.70012

Figure Lengend Snippet: Plasmin generation of tPA beads. Plasmin generation was measured using chromogenic substrate S‐2251, glu‐plasminogen, and 2.25 mU/mL tPA activity with (a) free tPA, (b) 0.1 μm t‐PA beads, or (c) 1 μm tPA beads and its co‐factors fibrinogen or fibrin degradation product (FDP) at 37°C. Each line and shaded region represent the average and standard deviation of n = 3. (d) Slope of the reaction curves at 50% of the maximum absorbance for each condition. Bars and error bars represent the average and standard deviation of n = 3. * p < 0.001 represents the significant difference between matching tPA conditions for a given co‐factor (comparison of grouped blue, orange, and green bars). Δ p < 0.001 represents the significant difference between co‐factors for a given tPA condition (comparison of like colored bars).

Article Snippet: Purified human lys‐plasmin (cat# IHUPLMLYS1MG) and plasmin chromogenic substrate (cat# IAFPLMCGSLY25MG) were obtained from Innovative Research (Novi, MI).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Standard Deviation, Comparison

Journal: Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology

Article Title: Expressional regulation of angiopoietin-1 and -2 and the tie-1 and -2 receptor tyrosine kinases during cutaneous wound healing: a comparative study of normal and impaired repair.

doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3780244

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Localization of Ang-2 mRNA expression at the wound site. Paraformaldehyde (PFA)-fixed serial sections from 5-day mouse wounds isolated from Balb/c control animals were analyzed for the presence of Ang-2 mRNA expression by in situ hybridization. Sections were incubated with an FITC-labeled antisense oligonucleotide specific for Ang-2 mRNA (A to C). Note that directly neighboured sections (D to F) were incubated with a nonsense oligonucleotide as a negative control. All sections were stained with an alkaline phosphatase-coupled anti-FITC antibody using NBT/formazan as a chromogenic substrate. Nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin. Scale bars are 100 mm for A and D, 50 mm for B and E, and 25 mm for C and F. Strongly immunopositive signals (A to C) and the corresponding negative controls (D to F) are indicated with arrows. g, granulation tissue; he, hyperproliferative epithelium; m, muscle; v, vessel.

Article Snippet: The slides were subsequently stained with the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex system from Santa Cruz (Heidelberg, Germany) using 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole as a chromogenic substrate.

Techniques: Expressing, Isolation, Control, In Situ Hybridization, Incubation, Labeling, Negative Control, Staining

Journal: Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology

Article Title: Expressional regulation of angiopoietin-1 and -2 and the tie-1 and -2 receptor tyrosine kinases during cutaneous wound healing: a comparative study of normal and impaired repair.

doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3780244

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Diabetes-impaired repair was characterized by reduced formation of CD31-positive vascular structures. Frozen sections (6 mm) from 5-day (Tie-2, wild-type) or 10-day (CD31, wildtype and diabetic) mouse wounds were incubated with polyclonal antisera directed against Tie-2 or CD31 as indicated. All sections were stained with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex system using 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole as a chromogenic substrate. Nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin. Scale bars are 25 mm for (Tie-2, wild-type), and 75 mm for (CD31, wild-type and diabetic). Strongly immunopositive signals are indicated with arrows.

Article Snippet: The slides were subsequently stained with the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex system from Santa Cruz (Heidelberg, Germany) using 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole as a chromogenic substrate.

Techniques: Incubation, Staining, Avidin-Biotin Assay